There is what seems to be an ever-increasing range of labour-saving equipment capable of tackling the wide variety of repair and building work now taken on by the D-I-Y home-owner. Tools that were once used in only professional workshops and factories are now quite commonplace around the house. Electric drills, routers, grinders, saws and planes are now produced to meet the demand from the rapidly increasing army of D-I-Y enthusiasts. The diversity and range available is vast. They are all based on an electric motor taking the place of manual effort. Each has a powerful motor for direct drive or reduction via a gearbox or electronic control and can be found in mains or battery powered versions in most instances.
Many of the faults with power tools are common to all appliances with electric motors. At the heart of these tools there is a brush motor and when mains powered, a supply cable is also present. These are the two areas where most faults occur — misuse and neglect accounting for a large proportion of them. It must be stressed that these types of appliances are extremely powerful and great care must be taken when using them. Each piece of equipment has a limit to its capabilities, so a sound understanding of its function and operation will be of enormous benefit to the user and the equipment itself.
Regular maintenance avoids unnecessary faults and the safe use of both electricity and equipment avoids injury caused by ignorance. Always read the manufacturer’s instructions carefully. If you are borrowing equipment, make sure that you understand the correct use and limitations of the product and that you have the proper safety wear. When lending your equipment to someone else, ensure the borrower fully understands how to use the various tools safely.
The use of an RCD is highly recommended when you are using power tools because it affords an important extra degree of electrical protection. It is absolutely vital for outdoor work. Problems with water and cable damage can happen to anyone at any time, so it is wise to be prepared. Even with an RCD, mains powered equipment should not be used in damp or wet conditions.
Do not change drill bits, cutters or other attachments without first isolating the appliance; do not rely on the on/off switch alone. Switch off and take the plug out. Always ensure the fixing tool — Allen key, chuck key, spanner, etc. — used for changing attachments has been removed before the equipment is used. Double-check. Remember, too, when tightening the chuck of a drill to do so at all three positions and not just one.
Do not use drills or attachments that are too large or not suited to the drill. Do not exceed the maximum bit (shaft) size. If a speed control is available, use it correctly. The smaller the drill, the faster the speed can be; larger drill bits require slower speeds. Use a hammer action only when drilling masonry.
Hold the drill securely and do not overstress it. Remember, if a drill or attachment jams, the body of the drill will try to rotate and if it is not held securely, the torque produced could cause injury. If the drill has an additional grip handle (often removable), use it.
Do not cover the air vents on the body of the appliance with your hands or anything else to try to prevent excess dust or dirt entering it. Many attachments allow for vacuum dust extraction. Using such equipment will not only cut down the mess, it will be healthier for the user.
Never leave equipment plugged in and unattended, even if it is switched off. Always store equipment safely and tidily when not in use. Never carry any appliance by its mains lead as this will cause excessive wear and damage. When the job is finished, allow the motor and attachments to come to rest before putting the appliance down; otherwise damage to property or personal injury could result.
Ensure that safety covers and guards are working correctly. Appliances with cracked cases or missing parts should not be used until they have been properly repaired. Make sure that any items to be drilled, cut or ground are securely anchored. Keep your area free from clutter and keep both children and pets at a safe distance.
Take care in garages and workshops where fuel vapour may collect. Using power tools in these areas can ignite the mixture by the normal spark/arcing of the motor brushes. Ventilate thoroughly before using power tools and do not use in places where vapours may be present.
Before using any power tools check the mains lead along its whole length for any damage and verify that the on/off switch works correctly and is not sticking. Remember also that tidy work areas are safer work areas. Do not use power tools in cluttered or cramped conditions.
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